{"id":56087,"date":"2024-01-23T13:51:02","date_gmt":"2024-01-23T12:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/spanish-iconic-villains-the-catholic-monarchs-charles-i-philip-ii-and-others\/"},"modified":"2026-04-09T12:31:19","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T10:31:19","slug":"spanish-iconic-villains-the-catholic-monarchs-charles-i-philip-ii-and-others","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/en\/live-without-harming\/publications\/spanish-iconic-villains-the-catholic-monarchs-charles-i-philip-ii-and-others\/","title":{"rendered":"SPANISH ICONOVILLAINS: THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, CHARLES I, PHILIP II, AND OTHERS"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"56087\" class=\"elementor elementor-56087 elementor-19505\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f89580f elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"f89580f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7378ef1\" data-id=\"7378ef1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d75b3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d75b3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">SPANISH ICONO-VILLAINS: THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, CHARLES I, PHILIP II, AND OTHERS<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-762cdfc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"762cdfc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1e9ee5\" data-id=\"a1e9ee5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f39e37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f39e37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/REYES-CATOLICOS.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-19513 size-full\" title=\"SPANISH ICONO-VILLAINS: THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, CHARLES I, PHILIP II, AND OTHERS\" src=\"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/REYES-CATOLICOS.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"268\" height=\"188\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The primary reference point for Spanish nationalism is the Catholic Monarchs, as they are considered the founders of Spain, having completed the Reconquista and initiated the Spanish Empire. However, the reality is that they committed large-scale crimes, causing suffering that was no less severe than that caused by James I: <\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<li>King Ferdinand of Aragon subjected the conquered inhabitants of Malaga to slavery.<\/li>\n<li>Later, his wife Isabella did the same with the inhabitants of the fallen Kingdom of Granada.<\/li>\n<li>Subsequently, she did so with the Guanches, the natives of the conquered Canary Islands\u2014or rather, with those who had not committed suicide by throwing themselves off cliffs to avoid enslavement.<\/li>\n<li>As they did not have enough to satisfy their greed, they then conquered America, stole the lands and wealth of the indigenous people, and subjected them to the encomienda system\u2014a type of servitude or forced labor theoretically less burdensome than slavery, but which in practice was often similar.<\/li>\n<li>Furthermore, they expelled the Jews from Spain.<\/li>\n<li>And, as if that were not enough, they promoted the torture and horrors of the Inquisition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The second most important icon of the Spanish nationalist narrative is the one they call Charles I of Spain and V of Germany, although at the time he was called Charles V (which is how he is known everywhere except Spain).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quite a few Spaniards feel proud of him because they consider him a Spanish monarch who secured a great empire for his country where the sun never set, spanning much of Europe, America, and parts of Asia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To begin with, this is not the case, as he was actually a Belgian with ancestors from various parts of Europe whose language was French and who did not learn Spanish until he was named King of Spain. Nor did he live in these lands; instead, he moved through the different parts of Europe where he participated in wars. And he did not secure an empire for the Spanish people, but rather a vast estate for himself and his family, with his Spanish subjects being just another part of his possessions.  <\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But what interests us here is the immense suffering he caused to innocent people, both in the Old and New Worlds:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<li>In the Americas, he undertook the conquest of new territories, accompanied by the murder of innocents, the theft of land, and the oppression and mistreatment of indigenous people\u2014denounced in detail by Fray Bartolom\u00e9 de las Casas, to which the emperor reacted, albeit with some lukewarmness.<\/li>\n<li>Furthermore, it was during his reign that the transatlantic slave trade of Africans to his colonies truly began.<\/li>\n<li>In Europe, he dedicated a large part of his life to wars and conquests to feed his ego, at the expense of great suffering for a vast number of people.<\/li>\n<li>It was during his reign that Protestantism appeared in Germany, where he was emperor. His reaction was not to tolerate this different way of thinking, but to persecute and repress it through force, causing, once again, much harm. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The third icon of the Spanish nationalist narrative is his son, Philip II, who was even more sinister than his father and more relentless in the persecution of Protestants.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And we cannot forget the conquistadors of whom some Spanish patriots are so proud, especially Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s, Pizarro, or N\u00fa\u00f1ez de Balboa, who were in fact vile criminals who committed great atrocities against innocent people, even using cruel methods such as unleashing their killer dogs to tear apart homosexual indigenous people.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And yet, unlike countries such as France, Germany, or Belgium, where there is a tendency to remove icono-villains from public spaces or recontextualize them, this civilizing process is not taking place in these lands.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><strong>Read more at:<\/strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/en\/?page_id=54842\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Andorra and others: Charlemagne.<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-504be4d elementor-share-buttons--view-icon elementor-share-buttons--shape-circle elementor-share-buttons--align-center elementor-share-buttons--skin-gradient elementor-grid-0 elementor-share-buttons--color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-share-buttons\" data-id=\"504be4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"share-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_whatsapp\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on whatsapp\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-whatsapp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_email\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on email\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fas fa-envelope\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_x-twitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on x-twitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-x-twitter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_facebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on facebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-facebook\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_linkedin\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on linkedin\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-linkedin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e57446 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0e57446\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-75d222c\" data-id=\"75d222c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e89a4b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e89a4b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong> Xavier Paya <\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #e5ac1b;\"><a style=\"color: #e5ac1b; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/en\/live-without-harming\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/no-danes\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1705739656386000&amp;usg=AOvVaw16_2c-ZFmOVsyPyFe5Mli0\">INITIATIVE: DO NOT HARM!<\/a><\/span><\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #e5ac1b;\"><a style=\"color: #e5ac1b; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1705739656386000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0r_zOrwTRU9jKMsNGkX-Vn\">www.institutodelbienestar.com<\/a><\/span><\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">LET&#8217;S NOT HARM ANYONE, except in legitimate self-defense against an aggressor.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size ); color: #ffffff;\">Read:<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size ); text-decoration-line: underline; color: #e5ac1b;\"><a style=\"color: #e5ac1b;\" href=\"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/en\/live-without-harming\/publications\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/no-danes\/publicaciones\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1705739656386000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1Y-BstuMG-ZGz1yLfoAV21\">other articles from DO NO HARM!&#8230;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c2715c elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c2715c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong>With the DO NO HARM! initiative, we strive to prevent any kind of suffering or harm to you, your loved ones, and others.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SPANISH ICONIC VILLAINS: THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, CHARLES I, PHILIP II, AND OTHERS The primary reference point for Spanish nationalism is the Catholic Monarchs, as they are considered the founders of Spain, having completed the Reconquista and initiated the Spanish Empire. However, the reality is that they committed large-scale crimes, causing suffering that was no less &#8230; <a title=\"SPANISH ICONOVILLAINS: THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, CHARLES I, PHILIP II, AND OTHERS\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/institutodelbienestar.com\/en\/live-without-harming\/publications\/spanish-iconic-villains-the-catholic-monarchs-charles-i-philip-ii-and-others\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about SPANISH ICONOVILLAINS: THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, CHARLES I, PHILIP II, AND OTHERS\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6836,"featured_media":0,"parent":56575,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-56087","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SPANISH ICONOVILLAINS: THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, CHARLES I, PHILIP II, AND OTHERS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover a critical analysis of Spanish historical figures like the Catholic Monarchs, Charles I and Philip II, and their impact on society and human wellbeing.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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